-거니와
Used to acknowledge the content of the first clause and then add the related content of the second clause — both in the same direction (both positive or both negative).
Summary
Equivalent
Not only..., but also...
Also: -(으)ㄹ 뿐만 아니라
Example
Not only is this neighborhood conveniently located for transportation, but it's also close to a park, making it a great place to live.
이 동네는 교통이 편리하거니와 공원도 가까워서 생활하기 좋아요.
Grammar rules
- It implies 'Of course [X] is true, but also [Y] is true.' The content of both clauses must be in the same direction (positive or negative).
- Often used with '도' in the structure '도 -거니와'.
- Both clauses must agree in polarity — if the first clause is positive, the second must also be positive. If the first is negative, the second must also be negative.
실력도 좋거니와 태도도 훌륭하다. (Not only is she skilled, but her attitude is also excellent.) / 실력도 부족하거니와 태도도 안 좋다. (Not only is she lacking in skill, but her attitude is also poor.)
Patterns
A/V (Adj/Verbs)
과거/완료 (Past/Completed) · -았거니와/었거니와
A/V (Adj/Verbs)
현재 (Present) · -거니와
N이다 (Noun + Copula)
과거/완료 (Past/Completed) · 였거니와/이었거니와
N이다 (Noun + Copula)
현재 (Present) · (이)거니와
Example sentences
Not only is this neighborhood conveniently located for transportation, but it's also close to a park, making it a great place to live.
이 동네는 교통이 편리하거니와 공원도 가까워서 생활하기 좋아요.
Not only is that teacher deeply knowledgeable, but they also have a gentle character, so they are respected by students.
그 선생님은 학식도 깊거니와 성품도 온화하셔서 학생들에게 존경을 받아요.
Commuting by bicycle is a great choice not only for your health but also for the environment.
건강을 위해서거니와 환경을 위해서도 자전거 출퇴근은 좋은 선택이다.
Conversation
A: The atmosphere in this cafe is amazing!
이 카페 분위기가 너무 좋다!
B: Right? Not only is the interior stylish, but the coffee tastes great too, so I keep coming here.
그렇지? 인테리어도 멋지거니와 커피 맛도 훌륭해서 자주 오게 되더라고.
Practice
Fill in the blank
Select the correct additive phrase using '-거니와'.
그 사람은 친절하기도 하고 능력도 있어요.
몸에도 좋고, 맛도 좋아요.