Advanced Estimated read: 3 mins

-되

Used to grant or accept the content of the first clause but then add a condition or exception in the second clause.

Summary

Equivalent

But (with a condition) / ...however...

Example

You can go out and play, but come back before dinner.

나가서 놀 저녁 먹기 전에는 들어와.

Grammar rules

  • It implies 'You may do [X], BUT [Y condition] must also be followed.' The second clause often contains a command ('-(으)세요'), a necessity ('해야 한다'), or a prohibition ('-(으)면 안 된다').
  • It is also used simply to contrast two clauses.
  • Can also be used in longer forms '-기는 -되' or '-기는 하되', both meaning the same.

    공부하기는 하되 딴짓은 하지 마세요. (You may study, but don't get distracted.)

  • Use '-으되' after tense markers like '-았/었-', '-겠-', or after '있다/없다'.

    그분은 이미 떠났으되 그분의 흔적은 남아 있다. (He has already left, but his traces remain.)

  • Also used for a simple contrast — similar to '-지만'.

    말은 잘하되 행동이 따르지 않는다. (He talks well, but his actions don't follow.)

Patterns

1

A/V (Adj/Verbs)

현재 (Present) · -되

Example sentences

A/V (Adj/Verbs) · 현재 (Present) · -되

You can go out and play, but come back before dinner.

나가서 놀 저녁 먹기 전에는 들어와.

A/V (Adj/Verbs) · 현재 (Present) · -되

You can search on the internet, but you should verify whether the source is reliable.

인터넷 검색을 하 믿을 수 있는 출처인지 확인해야 해요.

A/V (Adj/Verbs) · 현재 (Present) · -되

You may take this book, but you absolutely have to return it after you finish reading it.

이 책은 가져가도 다 읽고 나면 꼭 돌려줘야 해.

Conversation

A: My child wants to use a smartphone — what should I do?

아이가 스마트폰을 쓰고 싶어 하는데 어떻게 할까요?

B: I think it's good to allow it, but you should set a rule that they can't use it for more than an hour a day.

쓰게 하 하루에 한 시간 이상은 하지 못하게 규칙을 정하는 게 좋을 것 같아요.

Practice

Fill in the blank

Select the correct permissive conditional phrase using '-되'.

여행을 가도 되지만 일찍 돌아와야 해요.

사용해도 되지만 조심해야 해요.