Advanced Estimated read: 3 mins

-건만

Used when the following clause is the opposite of what you would expect based on the first clause — usually expressing disappointment or a sad contrast.

Summary

Equivalent

But... / However...

Also: -지마는 · -(으)나

Example

My heart feels young, but my body just won't cooperate.

마음은 젊건만 몸이 따라 주질 않네요.

Grammar rules

  • It implies 'Despite [X] being true or expected, [Y] (the contrasting reality) is what actually happened.' It has a slightly literary or lamenting tone.
  • Interchangeable with '-지만' or '-(으)나'.
  • The subject of the first clause and second clause can be the same or different.

    열심히 공부했건만 시험에 떨어졌다. (I studied hard, but I still failed the exam.)

Patterns

1

A/V (Adj/Verbs)

과거/완료 (Past/Completed) · -았건만/었건만

2

A/V (Adj/Verbs)

현재 (Present) · -건만

3

A/V (Adj/Verbs)

미래/추측 (Future/Guess) · -겠건만

4

N이다 (Noun + Copula)

과거/완료 (Past/Completed) · 였건만/이었건만

5

N이다 (Noun + Copula)

현재 (Present) · (이)건만

Example sentences

A/V (Adj/Verbs) · 현재 (Present) · -건만

My heart feels young, but my body just won't cooperate.

마음은 젊건만 몸이 따라 주질 않네요.

A/V (Adj/Verbs) · 현재 (Present) · -건만

The sky is clear, but my heart feels heavy today.

하늘은 맑건만 오늘은 마음이 무겁다.

A/V (Adj/Verbs) · 현재 (Present) · -건만

I waited for a long time, but that person never showed up in the end.

오래 기다렸건만 그 사람은 끝내 나타나지 않았다.

Conversation

A: Do you still go exercise in the early morning these days?

요즘도 새벽마다 운동하러 가시나요?

B: No, my heart wants to go, but I keep getting too tired in the end.

아니요, 마음은 가고 싶건만 피곤해서 결국 못 가게 되더라고요.

Practice

Fill in the blank

Select the correct contrasting phrase using '-건만'.

열심히 노력했는데 결과가 안 좋았어요.

날씨가 좋아 보이는데 비가 와요.