-는 가운데
Used to describe a background situation or state of affairs while another action is taking place. It creates a setting for the main clause.
Summary
Equivalent
Amidst..., In the middle of..., While...
Also: -는 중에
Example
The performance began amidst the focused attention of everyone.
모든 사람들의 시선이 집중되는 가운데 연주가 시작되었습니다.
Grammar rules
- It implies 'While [Situation X] is ongoing, [Action Y] is happening.' Often used in formal contexts or news reporting.
- Can be emphasized as '-는 가운데에도' (even amidst...).
Patterns
V (Verbs)
현재 (Present) · -는 가운데
A (Adjectives)
현재 (Present) · -(으)ㄴ 가운데
N (Nouns)
현재 (Present) · -인 가운데
Example sentences
The performance began amidst the focused attention of everyone.
모든 사람들의 시선이 집중되는 가운데 연주가 시작되었습니다.
I made this work by finding time amidst a busy schedule.
바쁜 가운데 틈틈이 시간을 내서 이 작품을 만들었습니다.
The performance continued without stopping, even amidst the rain.
비가 내리는 가운데에도 공연은 중단되지 않고 계속되었습니다.
Conversation
A: How was the wedding?
결혼식이 어땠어요?
B: It was so moving to see the groom and bride exchange vows amidst the falling flower petals.
꽃비가 내리는 가운데 신랑과 신부가 서약하는 모습이 정말 감동적이었어요.
Practice
Fill in the blank
Select the correct 'amidst/while' phrase.
Listening carefully.
Successful despite difficulty.