Beginner Estimated read: 3 mins

와/과, (이)랑, 하고

Used to link two or more nouns together ('and'), or to indicate the person or thing the subject is doing an action with ('together with').

Summary

Equivalent

And (Noun + Noun) / With

Also: 같이 (together with) · 함께 (together with)

Example

I bought bread and milk in the market.

시장 안에서 빵과 우유를 샀어요.

Grammar rules

  • '와/과' is mostly used in writing or formal situations.
  • '(이)랑' and '하고' are very common in spoken, everyday language.
  • '하고' is attached regardless of the ending noun's sound.
  • When meaning 'together with someone', the word '같이' (together) is often added right after.

    친구하고 같이 영화를 봐요. (I watch a movie together with my friend.)

Patterns

1

Nouns ending in a vowel

N/A · Noun + 와 / 랑 / 하고

2

Nouns ending in a consonant

N/A · Noun + 과 / 이랑 / 하고

Example sentences

Nouns ending in a consonant · N/A · Noun + 과 / 이랑 / 하고

I bought bread and milk in the market.

시장 안에서 빵과 우유를 샀어요.

Nouns ending in a consonant · N/A · Noun + 과 / 이랑 / 하고

I will go play at the park with my family this weekend.

주말에 가족이랑 공원에 놀러 갈 거예요.

Nouns ending in a vowel · N/A · Noun + 와 / 랑 / 하고

I like dogs and cats.

저는 강아지하고 고양이를 좋아해요.

Conversation

A: Who did you eat lunch with yesterday?

어제 누구하고 점심을 먹었어요?

B: I ate with my coworkers.

회사 동료하고 먹었어요.

Practice

Fill in the blank

Select the correct connective particle.

Buying items.

Eating with someone.