이다
Copula meaning 'to be'. Connects a noun to another noun or adjective, expressing identity or state.
Formation
Nouns ending in vowel + 예요 (informal) or 입니다 (formal). Nouns ending in consonant + 이에요 (informal) or 입니다 (formal). Question form: 예요? / 이에요? / 입니까?. 사과 + 예요 → 사과예요. 학생 + 이에요 → 학생이에요. 책 + 입니다 → 책입니다.
Examples
이것은 사과예요.
igeoseun sagwayeyo
This is an apple.
Identifying objects
저는 학생이에요.
jeoneun haksaengieyo
I am a student.
Self-introduction
오늘은 월요일이에요.
oneureun woryoirieyo
Today is Monday.
Stating dates/days
Usage
Used to identify or state what something is. Can be used in both formal and informal situations. After vowels: 예요 (informal) or 입니다 (formal). After consonants: 이에요 (informal) or 입니다 (formal).
Notes
이다 is irregular and has special conjugation forms. In questions, intonation rises at the end. Can be shortened in speech: 이에요 → 이야, 예요 → 야. The negative form is 아니다.
Formation
Examples
Notes
- 이다 is irregular and has special conjugation forms.
- In questions, intonation rises at the end.
- Can be shortened in speech: 이에요 → 이야, 예요 → 야.
- The negative form is 아니다.
Usage
- Used to identify or state what something is.
- Can be used in both formal and informal situations.
- After vowels: 예요 (informal) or 입니다 (formal).
- After consonants: 이에요 (informal) or 입니다 (formal).
See Also
No cross-references available.