Intermediate (JSON) Estimated read: 3 mins

-(으)ㄴ/는 모양이다

Used to make an educated guess based on observing external facts. Cannot be used to guess about one's own subjective feelings.

Summary

Equivalent

It seems that... / It looks like...

Also: -(으)ㄴ/는/(으)ㄹ 것 같다 (To seem like - broader usage but '모양이다' is for objective observation)

Example

Seeing people using umbrellas, it seems that it's raining outside.

사람들이 우산을 쓴 걸 보니까 밖에 비가 오는 모양이에요.

Grammar rules

  • Often paired with '-(으)ㄴ/는 걸 보니까' (Seeing that...) for a natural flow.
  • Cannot be used based on one's direct, internal experience. Only used for observing others or external situations.

    내가 합격한 모양이다 (X) -> 친구가 합격한 모양이다 (O - It seems my friend passed).

Patterns

1

Verbs (Past Observation)

Past · Verb Stem + (으)ㄴ 모양이다

2

Verbs (Present Observation)

Present · Verb Stem + 는 모양이다

3

Adjectives (Present Observation)

Present · Adjective Stem + (으)ㄴ 모양이다

4

Nouns

Present · Noun + 인 모양이다

Example sentences

Verbs (Present Observation) · Present · Verb Stem + 는 모양이다

Seeing people using umbrellas, it seems that it's raining outside.

사람들이 우산을 쓴 걸 보니까 밖에 비가 오는 모양이에요.

Verbs (Past Observation) · Past · Verb Stem + (으)ㄴ 모양이다

Seeing that no one is in the office, it looks like everyone has left for the day.

사무실에 아무도 없는 걸 보니까 모두 퇴근한 모양이에요.

Adjectives (Present Observation) · Present · Adjective Stem + (으)ㄴ 모양이다

Seeing the long line in front of the store, it seems the food is very delicious.

가게 앞에 줄이 긴 걸 보니까 음식이 아주 맛있는 모양입니다.

Conversation

A: I called Mark, but he keeps not answering.

마크 씨한테 전화를 했는데 계속 안 받네요.

B: It seems he is in a meeting right now. Try again later.

지금 회의 중인 모양이에요. 이따가 다시 해 보세요.

Practice

Fill in the blank

Select the correct inference form based on observation.

Not eating.

Difficult.