-(으)로써
Used to express the means, method, or instrument by which an action is achieved.
Summary
Equivalent
By (means of) / Through / By doing
Also: -(으)로서 (As / In the capacity of — for roles and identities; '-(으)로써' is for methods/instruments)
Example
Through consistent practice, you can achieve good results.
꾸준한 연습으로써 좋은 결과를 낼 수 있어요.
Grammar rules
- Primarily used with nouns expressing method or material: '노력으로써 성공했어요' (Succeeded by means of effort).
- In formal writing.
- In casual speech, '-(으)로' alone often replaces it.
Patterns
Nouns / Actions (Means / Instrument)
Present · Noun + (으)로써 / Verb Stem + 음/기로써
Example sentences
Through consistent practice, you can achieve good results.
꾸준한 연습으로써 좋은 결과를 낼 수 있어요.
Resolving conflict through dialogue is best.
대화로써 갈등을 해결하는 것이 가장 좋아요.
With this signature, the contract is completed.
이 서명으로써 계약이 완료됩니다.
Conversation
A: How did your skills improve so quickly?
어떻게 그렇게 빨리 실력이 늘었어요?
B: I built my skills by practising consistently every day.
매일 꾸준히 연습함으로써 실력을 키웠어요.
Practice
Fill in the blank
Select the correct means/instrument expression.
Achieve through effort.
Settle by talking.